Any way in which children are reprimanded or receive something negative for something they have done.

• A. Sanctions
• B. Rewards
• C. Social control
• D. Informal Education

Answer: (A)

Sanctions are the mechanisms by which norms are enforced through punishments or negative consequences when someone deviates. When a child is reprimanded or receives something negative for what they have done, that is a negative sanction in action—the aim is to discourage the behavior and bring the person back in line with expected rules. Rewards would be the opposite, serving as positive reinforcement rather than punishment. Social control is the broader system that uses various tools to regulate behavior, with sanctions being one specific method within that system. Informal Education covers learning about norms through everyday interactions rather than the direct punitive response described.