Basic agreement on a set of shared values.

• A. Consensus
• B. Conflict
• C. Identity
• D. Macro approach

Answer: (A)

Consensus is the idea that there is broad agreement on shared values that binds a society together, enabling order and cooperation. When most people accept common norms and beliefs, social rules are followed more predictably, reducing conflict and making collective life smoother. This shared value system underpins social cohesion, so basic agreement on values fits the concept of consensus precisely.

Conflict would involve clashes over values rather than broad agreement. Identity focuses on who people are and group belonging, not necessarily widespread value agreement. A macro approach is about studying large-scale social structures, not about the level of agreement on values.