The opportunities individuals have to improve their lives.

• A. Social Mobility
• B. Life Chances
• C. Equality of opportunity
• D. Meritocracy

Answer: (B)

Life chances describe the opportunities people have to improve their lives across different areas like education, health, housing, and employment. It focuses on how social structures and backgrounds—such as class, family, and poverty—shape what possibilities are realistically available to someone to change their situation. That exact idea matches the prompt, which is about the opportunities individuals have to do better.

Why the others don’t fit as well: social mobility is about moving up or down the social ladder—an outcome of opportunities more than the opportunities themselves. Equality of opportunity refers to whether everyone starts with a fair chance, not the actual range of opportunities someone can access. Meritocracy talks about rewarding people based on ability or effort, not the breadth of opportunities accessible in the first place.